Common Fertility Treatment Protocols for PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also called hyperandrogenic anovulation (HA) or Stein–Leventhal syndrome is a problem in which a woman’s hormones are out of balance. The problems can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle, ability to have children, hormones, diabetes and heart disease, blood vessel and appearance.

With PCOS, Woman typically has

1. High levels of androgens. The high androgen levels can lead to acne, excessive hair growth, weight gain and problems with ovulation.
2. Missed or irregular periods (monthly bleeding).
3. Many small cysts (fluid-filled sacs) in their ovaries.

Common Fertility Treatment Protocols

Lack of ovulation is usually found with women suffering from PCOS. Several studies have shown that 70% of women diagnosed with PCOS have infertility. Here are the most common fertility treatment protocols for women diagnosed with PCOS.

Oral Contraceptives

Oral contraceptives such as the birth control pills are usually used to prevent pregnancy. The pill contains a combination of two female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone. The pill is prescribed to women who are with PCOS in order to regulate their menstrual cycles. However, you would need to stop taking the pill in order to get pregnant because the pill has contraceptive effect. It is recommended for women only for a set number of months to help regulate their cycles to allow them to time intercourse appropriately during ovulation. Some doctors may recommend these to help with ovulation and future conception.

Metformin

Metformin is a diabetes medicine that helps women to regulate their insulin. This helps regulate menstrual cycles, start ovulation, and lower the risk of miscarriage in women with PCOS. Fertility doctors usually prescribe Metformin in order to help regulate their periods. For some women, Metformin is enough to start their metabolism and regulate their cycles enough to be able to conceive naturally.

Ovulation Induction

Ovulation induction is the stimulation of ovulation by medication. Clomiphene citrate is a drug that can help make sure you ovulate each month. Women with PCOS have usually irregular cycles which make them difficult to accurate time intercourse that coincide with ovulation. Clomid is an oral medication typically used for 5 consecutive days and ovulation typically occurs anywhere from five to twelve days after your last dose. If Clomid fails to produce effective results then your doctor may prescribe injections of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) to help induce ovulation.

In uterine Insemination (IUI)

It is also called as artificial insemination; some women with PCOSs need a little more backing with ovulation timing. The procedure is done in conjunction with Clomid where the male partner’s sperm is collected, washed and then implanted into the woman’s uterus when ovulation occurs. To know the better ovulation timing, the woman’s ovarian follicles are narrowly monitored via ultrasound on a daily basis in the lead up to IUI procedure.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

If all the above methods fail to work, then IVF treatment in India is often the last resort fertility treatment protocol for women with PCOS. When your doctor determines that ovarian follicles have matured enough, the eggs are harvested through a procedure known as egg retrieval. The eggs are fertilized in the laboratory dish. The resulting blastocysts are then transferred back into the woman’s uterus. After the embryo transfer, the blood test is carried out to determine if pregnancy has occurred.

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